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Types of HPV Warts: Recognizing the Various Types and Their Effects
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1. Verruca vulgaris, or common warts
The most identifiable kind of HPV-caused wart is called verruca vulgaris, or common wart. Usually, they show up on the hands, fingers, and occasionally the knees. Typically, these warts are spherical, tiny, and rough. They can be brown, gray, or flesh-colored, and their surface frequently has a grainy or cauliflower-like appearance. Common warts can range in size from tiny spots to bigger growths, and their borders are typically elevated.
HPV types 2 and 4 are the main culprits behind common warts, while other viral strains may also contribute to their formation. These warts are extremely contagious and can be transmitted by direct skin-to-skin contact or by coming into contact with infected surfaces like shower floors, towels, or razors. Although common warts are often benign and disappear on their own, they can occasionally linger for months or even years.
Salicylic acid, cryotherapy (freezing), and, in more severe cases, laser treatment or minor surgical removal are standard over-the-counter treatments for common warts. Common warts are typically not a major health issue, despite the fact that they can be annoying.
2. Warts on the plantar surface
Warts that develop on the soles of the feet are known as plantar warts, and they frequently cause pain or discomfort when standing or walking. HPV types 1, 2, and 4 are the cause of these warts, which can occasionally grow inward as a result of pressure on the foot soles. The development of hard, callus-like layers as a result of this inward growth may be quite painful.
Plantar warts frequently manifest as tiny, rough, elevated growths with one or more black dots in the middle. In reality, these dots represent obstructed small blood arteries. Similar to common warts, plantar warts are extremely contagious and can be transmitted by coming into touch with contaminated surfaces, like shared showers, locker rooms, or swimming pools. There is a higher chance of getting the virus if you go barefoot in certain places.
Because of their location and the pressure they put on the feet, plantar warts can be difficult to treat. Alternatives include laser therapy, cryotherapy, over-the-counter medications like salicylic acid, and in certain situations, surgical excision. Although plantar warts are usually not harmful, they can be quite uncomfortable, and if they continue, you may need to see a doctor.
3. Verruca Plana, or flat warts
Compared to normal warts, verruca plana, or flat warts, are smaller, smoother, and flatter. Children and young people are more likely to have them, and they typically show up in clusters on the face, arms, and legs. HPV types 3, 10, and 28 are responsible for these warts. Since flat warts are not elevated like other kinds of warts, they may initially be harder to spot.
Flat warts are usually painless, but rubbing or scratching them can irritate them and cause the virus to spread. They are extremely contagious and can be spread by contacting infected surfaces or by direct skin-to-skin contact. To lessen the chance of spreading flat warts, it's crucial to refrain from touching or picking at them because they often spread in clusters.
Topical therapies like salicylic acid, cryotherapy, or laser therapy are used to cure flat warts. Treatment can occasionally be more difficult because these warts often occur in bunches. Dermatological treatments like chemical peels or microdermabrasion may be suggested in certain situations to get rid of the warts and improve the appearance.
4. Warts in the genitalia
Certain HPV strains, most frequently types 6 and 11, are the cause of genital warts. Although they can also develop in the mouth or throat, they are a very contagious type of wart that primarily affects the vaginal and anal regions. Small, tender, flesh-colored or gray growths that may group together in a cauliflower-like pattern are the typical appearance of genital warts. Although they might be itchy, burning, or uncomfortable, they are usually painless and range in size from little bumps to bigger growths.
Sexual contact is the main way that genital warts are spread, and an infected individual can still be infected even if they don't have any visible warts. Genital warts are often harmless, but some HPV strains—most notably types 16 and 18—can cause major health problems such malignancies of the throat, anal region, and cervical region. Vaccines, including the HPV vaccine (Gardasil), can lower the risk of cancer by preventing infection with certain high-risk types.
Topical therapies such as imiquimod, cryotherapy, electrocautery, or laser therapy are available for the treatment of genital warts. Continuous monitoring is advised since genital warts may return after therapy.
5. Warts that are filiform
Long, thread-like growths called filiform warts typically develop on the face, especially near the lips, nose, or eyes. They are more prevalent in middle-aged adults and are brought on by HPV types 1 and 2. Usually flesh-colored, these warts can be confused with skin tags, but their thin, projecting appearance usually makes them easier to spot.
Filiform warts are frequently asymptomatic, although rubbing or scratching them can aggravate them. They are communicable and spread by direct skin contact, just as other kinds of warts. Cryotherapy and minimal surgical removal are common forms of treatment. Topical medications such as imiquimod or salicylic acid may be utilized in some situations.
conclusion
Numerous HPV strains can create HPV warts, which can vary in size, shape, and location. Many warts are benign and may go away on their own, but some can be uncomfortable or even cause cancer or other more serious health issues. Prevention and treatment of HPV warts depend on an understanding of the various forms and the risks they pose. Early intervention, safe sexual behavior, and vaccinations can all help lessen the risk of HPV infection and its transmission. For an accurate diagnosis and treatment choices, it's crucial to speak with a healthcare professional if you have concerns about any kind of wart.